Information about the article

Article type:
Original article

Index UDK: 340.1

Year, Volume, Number:
2025, Vol. 13, № 3 (51)

Pages: 69-81

Deprivatization of defense enterprises in Russia: legal mechanisms and strategic implications for national security

Pavel E. Fedorov
Postgraduate Student, Senior Lecturer at the Department of Administrative, Financial and Corporate Law, Novosibirsk State University of Economics and Management, 52/1 Kamenskaya street, Novosibirsk, 630099, Russia, pavel.evg.fedorov@yandex.ru
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7357-7693

EDN: FFMSAW
DOI: 10.21685/2307-9525-2025-13-3-8

Category: PUBLIC LEGAL (STATE LEGAL) SCIENCES

For citation:
Fedorov P.E. Deprivatization of defense enterprises in Russia: legal mechanisms and strategic implications for national security. Elektronnyy nauchnyy zhurnal "Nauka. Obshchestvo. Gosu-darstvo" = Electronic scientific journal "Science. Society. State". 2025;13(3):69–81. (In Russ.). doi:10.21685/2307-9525-2025-13-3-8

...................................

Received: 30.04.2025

Accepted: 30.07.2025
.......................................

Open access

Abstract
Background. The article examines the legal mechanisms and strategic consequences of the deprivatization of Russian defense enterprises in the context of increased sanctions pressure and the conflict in Ukraine. In the context of global military-technological competition and unprecedented sanctions pressure, the deprivation of Russian defense enterprises has become a strategic tool for ensuring national security. The purpose of the study is to analyze the legal mechanisms and strategic consequences of deprivatization in the military-industrial complex (MIC) as an element of a long-term policy of technological sovereignty. Materials and methods. The study is based on an analysis of the practice of 2022–2024, including the cases of the Rostov Optical and Mechanical Plant and the Chelyabinsk Electrometallurgical Combine. The methodological base includes a comparative legal analysis of court decisions, the study of regulations (Federal Law No. 275 "On the State Defense Order", the Military Doctrine of the Russian Federation) and expert assessments of law enforcement agencies (the Prosecutor General's Office, the FSB, the Ministry of Defense). Results. It is established that deprivatization allowed not only to stop the leakage of critical technologies, but also to launch the processes of deep modernization of strategic industries. A differentiated approach to the management of defense industry enterprises is being formed, depending on their strategic importance. Judicial practice demonstrates the priority of national security over the formal norms of civil law. Conclusions. Deprivatization is a necessary element of economic transformation in the context of geopolitical challenges. For its further development, the following is required: Consolidation of special provisions in the Military Doctrine of the Russian Federation-2025; Development of a regulatory act that systematizes criteria for the strategic importance of enterprises; Creating mechanisms for balancing government control and market efficiency; Taking into account international experience in cooperation with friendly countries.

Keywords
deprivatization, military-industrial complex, technological sovereignty, national security, sanctions, state defense order, law enforcement agencies, judicial practice, strategic enterprises, import substitution

References

1. Ermakov G.P., Petryakov S.N., Khokhlov A.L. et al. Labor efficiency in the economy of modern Russia. Ekonomika truda = Labor economics. 2024;11(5):595–614. (In Russ.). doi: 10.18334/et.11.5.121040

2. Efimtseva T.V. Some aspects of legal support for the nationalization of private property. Russian Journal of Economics and Law. 2022;16(3):598–609. (In Russ.). doi: 10.21202/2782-2923.2022.3.598-609

3. Popova I.V. The influence of production-economic factors on the formation of a corporate model of competence in the development of human resources of the defense-industrial complex. Sovremennaya ekonomika: problemy i resheniya = Modern economics: problems and solutions. 2023;(12):22–33. (In Russ.). doi: 10.17308/meps/2078-9017/2023/12/22-33

4. Chelysheva N.Yu. The concept of justice in the procedure of compulsory redemption of property for state needs. Notarius = Notary. 2025;(1):32–35. (In Russ.). doi: 10.18572/1813-1204-2025-1-32-35

5. Mazaev V.D. Constitutionalization of nationalization. Zakonodatel'stvo = Legislation. 2024;(4):37–43. (In Russ.). doi: 10.58741/16818695_2024_4_37

6. Makarov I.N., Drobot E.V., Sheozhev Kh.V. et al. State economic policy for the formation of spatial efficiency in the context of external constraints. Ekonomika, predprinimatel'stvo i pravo = Economics, entrepreneurship and law. 2023;13(6):2069–2080. (In Russ.). doi: 10.18334/epp.13.6.118272

7. Stupanchenko E. Ensuring the rule of law in the military-industrial complex: new approaches. Zakonnost' = Legality. 2024;(7):17–20. (In Russ.)

8. Grishin O.M. Transformation of Russian legislation in the context of the emergence of a multipolar world: realities and prospects. Trudy Akademii upravleniya MVD Rossii = Proceedings of the Academy of Management of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. 2024;(3):29–39. (In Russ.). doi: 10.24412/2072-9391-2024-371-29-39

9. Vitryanskiy V.V. Reforma rossiyskogo grazhdanskogo zakonodatel'stva: promezhutochnye itogi: monografiya = Reform of Russian civil legislation: interim results: monograph. Moscow: Statut, 2017:432. (In Russ.)

10. Irfan M., Nidar S.R., Azis Y., Widianto S. Self-reliant in defense industries: Case study Indonesia. Cogent Business & Management. 2023;10(3). doi: 10.1080/23311975.2023.2262715

11. Padliyyah S.H. et al. Production Management of Self-Propelled Mortar Carrier System in Supporting Defense Industry Independence (Case Study PT. SAS Aero Sishan). International Journal of Humanities Education and Social Sciences (IJHESS). 2024;4(1):325–338. Available at: https://www.semanticscholar.org/reader/39ac5d841e73520a7010cbaef4acc68246f17231

12. Reis J., Rosado D.P., Cohen Y., Pousa C., Cavalieri A. Green Defense Industries in the European Union: The Case of the Battle Dress Uniform for Circular Economy. Sustainability. 2022;14(20). doi: 10.3390/su142013018

13. Kazakova V.A., Inshakov S.M. China's experience of returning corrupt assets from abroad. Zakonodatel'stvo = Legislation. 2025;(3):65–72. (In Russ.). doi: 10.58741/16818695_2025_3_65

14. Golomanchuk E.V., Popov K.A., Astafurova O.A. Certain nuances and features of the institution of property conversion into state income. Pravo i gosudarstvo: teoriya i praktika = Law and state: theory and practice. 2023;(10):243–246. (In Russ.). doi: 10.47643/1815-1337_2023_10_243

15. Feoktistov A.V., Zernov I.V. Evolution of the development of legislation on national security in the Russian Federation. Elektronnyy nauchnyy zhurnal "Nauka. Obshchestvo. Gosudarstvo" = Electronic scientific journal “Science. Society. State”. 2023;11(1):68–76. (In Russ.). doi: 10.21685/2307-9525-2023-11-1-8

16. Parkhomenko A.G., Portnova E.V. Ensuring national security as a priority direction for the development of the Russian state. Elektronnyy nauchnyy zhurnal "Nauka. Obshchestvo. Gosudarstvo" = Electronic scientific journal “Science. Society. State”. 2025;13(1):69–77. (In Russ.). doi: 10.21685/2307-9525-2025-13-1-8

17. Pavlikov S.G. On the issue of industrial property and deprivatization of strategic enterprises during the period of the special military operation. Sovremennoe pravo = Modern law. 2024;(12):76–78. (In Russ.). doi: 10.25799/NI.2024.78.67.015

18. Smorchkova L.N. Deprivatization of industrial enterprises in Russia as a measure to protect the rights of the state. Pravo i praktika = Law and practice. 2024;(4):43–47. (In Russ.). doi: 10.24412/2411-2275-2024-4-43-47

19. Afanas'eva E.G., Vaypan V.A., Gubin E.P. et al. Predprinimatel'skoe pravo: vzglyad v budushchee: nauchnaya shkola predprinimatel'skogo prava MGU = Business law: a look into the future: Moscow State University Scientific School of Business Law. Moscow: Yustitsinform, 2024:520. (In Russ.)

20. Khar'kova O.M. Directions for the development of state industrial policy. Ekonomika i predprinimatel'stvo = Economy and entrepreneurship. 2024;(4):93–96. (In Russ.). doi: 10.34925/EIP.2024.165.4.015

Дата создания: 22.09.2025 12:05
Дата обновления: 22.09.2025 18:23